Allah’s Test: The Greatest Injustice Against Mankind
The question “Why does Allah test humanity?” is closely linked to the bigger question: “Why did Allah create humanity in...
Manuals of Islamic Sexual Slavery in the Medieval Period
In the medieval Islamic world (particularly from the 10th to 12th centuries), several erotic compendia (sex manuals) and slave-purchase manuals...
Ibn Battuta’s Account of Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlaq’s Court During Eid
In his famous travelogue The Travels of Ibn Battuta (A.D. 1325–1354), the Moroccan explorer describes the customs at the court...
Kidnapping and Raping Another Man’s Slave Girl Was Also “Halal” If You Desired Her
Islamic law provided a shocking loophole: if a man lusted after another person’s slave girl and the owner refused to...
No Prohibition on a Man Having Sex with Both a Slave Woman and Her Daughter (or Mother)
Islamic jurisprudence allowed a man to have sexual relations with a female slave (concubine) and her close blood relatives, such...
No Physical Punishment for a Husband Who Rapes His Wife’s Slave Girl
Islamic Sharia imposed almost no physical punishment on a husband who had sexual relations with his wife’s slave girl —...
No Physical Punishment for an Owner Who Castrates or Mutilates His Slave Boy
Islamic Sharia imposed almost no real physical punishment on a slave owner for castrating or severely mutilating his own slave....
No Four Witnesses Required to Punish Slaves for Fornication – A Ruler or Owner Can Lash Them Based on Rumors or Personal Doubts
In the case of free Muslim women like Aisha, the Prophet Muhammad set very strict conditions for proving zina (unlawful...
It Was Almost Impossible for Slave Girls to Prove They Were Raped – Especially When Pregnant
In Islamic Sharia, proving that a woman (free or enslaved) had been raped was extremely difficult. The standard requirement for...
Pregnancy of a Virgin Slave Girl Used as Evidence of Fornication – Even if She Was Raped
In Islamic Sharia, proving rape committed by a free Muslim man against a slave girl was practically impossible. The standard...